Solar Panels are installed based on geographic locations and areas throughout the world. This is a simple logic: the solar panels should be faced to maintain a steady and balanced approach throughout the day, to the best of your ability, and the sun is in a different place in the sky. The ideal situation is when the sun is hitting the panels at a perfect 90 degrees, which maximizes the amount of energy hitting the panels and it is being produced.
Tilting:
The tilt primarily refers to the angle at which the panels are oriented toward the sky. For instance, on a flat roof, the tilt is 0°, but if the panels face a wall, the tilt would be 90°.
According to Esteem Energy, the ideal angle for solar PV arrays depends on the building’s electrical load profile. To optimize your solar panels for heavy summer AC usage, it’s advisable to adjust the tilt to your latitude minus 10°. Conversely, if your winter heating relies on electricity (rather than gas or wood), tilting the panels to your latitude plus 15° would be more efficient. When your summer and winter energy needs are balanced, maintaining a tilt equal to your latitude should suffice. However, most grid-connected systems will likely be installed at whatever angle the roof is titled because of the additional cost of tilt frames, which isn’t justified by additional solar system yields. It can be more cost-effective to add a system or more.
Orientation:
Australia, in the southern hemisphere, mostly experiences a sun that mainly comes in the north. It is for sure that there are many devices throughout the changing weather and season. Still, ideally, solar panels should be facing as close to the north as possible to reduce the winter season’s impact on larger yields. An east or west-facing will operate better at 85% of its rated output. To put it in simple words, rather than generating the usual average of 4.5 kWh per 1 kWh daily energy, the system will only produce 3.835 kWh.